| Lebanese Restaurants |
PL-1800.5600-450 |
Eating establishments that offer the variety of Middle Eastern food that is served in Lebanon which features specialties such as hummus (mashed chick peas), kibbeh (cracked wheat, ground meat and pine nuts), stuffed grape leaves with yogurt sauce, stuffed zucchini, tabbouleh (a fresh salad with bulghur, parsley and mint), couscous (semolina made from wheat grain with a variety of ingredients), baba gannoush (an eggplant and tahini mix), lamb stew, kebabs, spinach pie, meat pie and a variety of dessert pastries including some made with pistachio nuts. |
0 |
| Lecture Halls/Auditoriums |
TC-4000 |
Organizations such as schools and universities that make space available for lectures, discussion groups, debates, seminars and other similar activities. |
0 |
| Left Handed Recreational Equipment |
PL-7200.4500 |
Programs that provide access to musical instruments, sports equipment, toys or other recreational items that have been designed for use by left-handed people. |
0 |
| Left Handed Tools/Implements |
BM-9500.4400 |
Programs that pay for or provide tools and equipment that have been designed for use by left-handed people. |
0 |
| Legal Assistance Modalities |
FP |
Programs that protect the rights of individuals or groups who are involved in civil, criminal or administrative actions or who have been denied services or other benefits or privileges to which they are entitled by law by furnishing legal advice, advising the party of his or her rights and possible solutions, negotiating a settlement, preparing legal documents, appearing in court on behalf of the party, preparing the party to represent him or herself in court and/or attending trials to monitor court proceedings. |
0 |
| Legal Associations |
TN-4600 |
Organizations whose members are lawyers, judges or other legal professionals who have affiliated for the purpose of promoting mutual interests, participating in legal seminars and conferences, networking with their peers, subscribing to legal journals and other publications, and taking advantage of other opportunities for professional development. Many legal associations offer assistance to members who have management or financial problems that relate to their practices, set standards which relate to the qualifications and performance of members, accept and investigate complaints from the public regarding the practices of members and maintain lawyer referral services through which citizens who require legal assistance are referred to member attorneys. |
1 |
| Legal Counseling |
FP-4000 |
Programs that are staffed by lawyers who offer information and guidance regarding legal matters, proposed lines of conduct, claims or contentions including opinions on the party's rights, responsibilities and liabilities; and who offer suggestions for an appropriate course of action, but do not represent clients in court. |
0 |
| Legal Decision Making Support |
TP-4000 |
Programs that help nonprofit organizations, small businesses or other groups understand the local, state and federal laws that relate to their organizations/businesses and the requirements they must meet to remain in compliance with these laws. These informational forums are not intended to be substitutes for formal legal counseling or representation. Nonprofit organizations, small businesses and other groups in need of support that relates to a specific issue are encouraged to seek legal counsel. |
0 |
| Legal Department Offices |
TD-0350.4500 |
Offices that are responsible for handling the legal affairs of an organization. Tasks generally include drafting and reviewing legal documents, serving as legal advisors regarding the organization’s business interests and/or services, providing legal representation in actions involving the organization, ensuring that the organization is covered in terms of liability, filing patent or copyright papers with official agencies (where applicable), offering technical information about their area of expertise (e.g., insurance matters, taxation) to people served by the organization, handling customer complaints and providing support for other departments (e.g., an opinion regarding discriminatory hiring practices for a department of human resources). |
0 |
| Legal Expense Insurance |
FS |
Companies that support their policyholders by providing legal advice and covering litigation costs (including court fees, witness expenses, translation costs or expert fees), regardless of whether the insured is the claimant or the defendant. The policies cover the policyholder and often the members of their household. Legal expense policies (also known as "legal protection insurance") normally cover most civil disputes (e.g. disputes concerning personal injury, consumer rights, property and labor law) and sometimes also criminal proceedings launched as a consequence of an unintentional crime. Legal protection insurance will also protect the insured by providing cover for any award of the adverse party's legal costs. However, most policies will impose a limit on the total cost cover available. |
0 |
| Legal Information Services |
TJ-3200.4500 |
Programs that provide information about specific legal problems and procedures that interested individuals can access on a website or in person, or by telephone, email, chat, text or other communication channel. Information may be in a self-serve, browsable format (for example a web resource directory or library of audio recordings) or provided by live agents with expertise in the field. Also included are legal aid services, bar associations and other programs that provide basic information about family law, landlord/tenant law, immigration law, consumer law, elder law, patient rights, the rights of persons with disabilities, the criminal justice system, the civil court system and other legal topics via workshops, classes, speaking engagements, printed materials, video tutorials, websites and other similar educational avenues. |
3 |
| Legal Issues |
YZ-4500 |
Programs that provide information and/or services that deal with legal topics. |
0 |
| Legal Malpractice Assistance |
FT-5100.4500 |
Programs that provide assistance for people who need to settle a dispute or initiate or respond to litigation regarding a situation in which a lawyer is accused of an unreasonable lack of skill, gross negligence or professional misconduct in handling a particular case which resulted in loss or damage to the client. |
0 |
| Legal Occupations |
YO-4500 |
Individuals whose occupations are concerned with the administration of justice according to the principles of law and equity through the practice of one or more phases of law. |
0 |
| Legal Peer Review Organizations |
DF-6500.4500 |
Groups of practicing lawyers who are officially enlisted to review the practices of fellow professionals. Services may include investigation of individual complaints. |
0 |
| Legal Representation |
FP-4500 |
Programs that are staffed by lawyers who appear on behalf of their clients in criminal, civil and/or administrative actions and proceedings in addition to offering legal advice and guidance. |
0 |
| Legal Services |
FT |
Programs that provide assistance in the form of advocacy, arbitration, class action litigation, legal counseling, legal representation, mediation, paralegal counseling, self-representation assistance and/or court watching which focus on a particular area of law. |
6 |
| Legal Services Organizations |
FV |
Law firms and other legal services providers that draft legal documents for clients, offer legal advice, represent clients in legal negotiations and court proceedings, and provide other forms of assistance that help people resolve their legal problems. |
0 |
| Legal Services Volunteer Opportunities |
PX-1850.4000 |
Organizations that are actively seeking licensed attorneys who are qualified in a particular area of law or trained advocates, conciliators, mediators or arbitration panel specialists who are willing to contribute their services on a voluntary basis without remuneration to assist low-income clients or nonprofit organizations with limited budgets. |
0 |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease |
YF-3000.4540 |
An inflammation of the epiphysis of the femur in a developing infant or child. An epiphysis is the secondary bone-forming (ossification) center that is separated from the parent bone in early life by cartilage. As growth proceeds and at different times for each epiphysis, it becomes a part of the larger or parent bone. |
0 |
| Legionnaires Disease |
YF-3000.4560 |
A severe and often fatal disease that is characterized by pneumonia, dry cough, muscle tenderness or pain and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms. As the disease progresses, there is evidence of dysfunction of other major organs and in fatal cases there is eventual cardiovascular collapse. |
0 |
| Legislation Information |
TQ-4400 |
Programs that provide information about the content of enacted laws and statutes and/or the status of specific measures being considered by legislative bodies at local, state and national levels. |
1 |
| Legislative Advocacy |
FP-0500.4500 |
Programs that attempt to influence the introduction or review of pending bills, ordinances or administrative rulings with the objective of having an impact on the passage or defeat of such legislation or its content. |
6 |
| Legislative District Information |
TQ-4500 |
Programs that provide information about the way a particular community has been subdivided for purposes of political representation. |
0 |
| Legislative Reference Services |
TJ-4500.4400 |
Libraries or other organizations that maintain background and research materials that are relevant to public policy issues and the drafting of legislation. |
0 |
| Legislators |
YO-4600 |
Individuals at federal, state and local levels who have been elected to public office and develop, enact and emend laws that affect their constituents daily. Included are U.S. senators and representatives; state senators and representatives; and others who have lawmaking authority. Legislators introduce, examine, and vote on bills to pass official legislation. In preparing such legislation, they study staff reports and hear testimony from constituents, representatives of interest groups, board and commission members, and others with an interest in the issue under consideration. They usually must approve budgets and the appointments of nominees for leadership posts. Some bodies have elected chief executives or managers, or else the legislative council appoints the city, town, or county manager. |
0 |
| Leisure Accommodations |
PL-4500 |
Establishments that provide overnight lodging, meals and a variety of personal services for individuals, families and groups who are doing business or vacationing in the area. |
0 |
| Leisure Activities/Recreation |
PL |
Programs that provide access to a variety of pursuits for people who want to make constructive and satisfying use of their free time. Included are programs that provide facilities, equipment, supplies, coaching and/or instruction that allow individuals to participate in or enjoy the recreational, artistic, cultural or volunteer activities of their choice. |
0 |
| Leisure Equipment/Supplies Donation Programs |
TI-1800.4500 |
Programs that accept new or secondhand equipment that is used for leisure time pursuits, repair the items if necessary, and keep them for use in their own programs, donate them to other community-based organizations for distribution to the people they serve, or sell them to raise money for agency programs. |
0 |
| Lennox Gastaut Syndrome |
YF-3000.4590 |
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome is usually seen in children between the ages of two and six with brain development problems or acquired brain damage. Children with this syndrome generally have developmental delays and show a distinctive electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern with slow spike and waves and associated seizure types include atonic, tonic, tonic-clonic and atypical absence seizures. Because atonic seizures cause children to fall to the ground, many children wear helmets to protect their teeth and face. Management can be challenging and can include anticonvulsant medications, nerve stimulation and certain types of diet therapy. There is no known cause. |
0 |
| Leprosy |
YF-3000.4600 |
A chronic communicable disease, also known as Hansen's Disease, that is characterized by lesions on the skin, upper respiratory tract and testes, and symmetrical involvement of peripheral nerves with anesthesia, muscle weakness and paralysis in its lepromatous form; and asymmetrical nerve lesions and skin anesthesia in the tuberculoid form. The lepromatous form is more contagious than the tuberculoid form. |
0 |
| Leriche's Syndrome |
YF-3000.4620 |
An occlusion of the abdominal aorta by a thrombus at its bifurcation, usually occurring in males, which causes fatigue in the hips, thighs and calves on exercising; absence of pulsation in the femoral arteries; and impotence. Pallor and coldness of the lower extremities are often present. |
0 |
| Lesbians |
YT-2400.4500 |
Women who primarily look to other women for sexual and emotional relationships. |
0 |
| Leukemia |
YF-3000.4640 |
A chronic or acute disease of unknown etiological factors that is characterized by unrestrained growth of leukocytes (white blood corpuscles) and their precursors in the tissues. Leukemia is classified according to the dominant cell type and the severity of the disease. |
0 |
| Leukodystrophy |
YF-3000.4660 |
A condition in which there is a hardening of the white matter of the brain. |
0 |
| Lewy Body Dementia |
YF-3000.4670 |
A slowly progressive brain disorder that shares characteristics with both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The central feature of the condition is progressive cognitive decline, combined with three additional defining features: pronounced "fluctuations" in alertness and attention such as frequent drowsiness, lethargy, lengthy periods of time spent staring into space, or disorganized speech; recurrent visual hallucinations; and parkinsonian motor symptoms such as rigidity and the loss of spontaneous movement. People may also suffer from depression. The symptoms are caused by the build-up of Lewy bodies (accumulated deposits of alpha-synuclein protein) inside the nuclei of neurons in areas of the brain that control particular aspects of memory and motor control. There is no cure or definitive treatment for Lewy body dementia. |
0 |
| Lewy Body Dementia |
YF-3000.2380-450 |
A slowly progressive brain disorder that shares characteristics with both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The central feature of the condition is progressive cognitive decline, combined with three additional defining features: pronounced "fluctuations" in alertness and attention such as frequent drowsiness, lethargy, lengthy periods of time spent staring into space, or disorganized speech; recurrent visual hallucinations; and parkinsonian motor symptoms such as rigidity and the loss of spontaneous movement. People may also experience episodes of depression. The symptoms are caused by the build-up of Lewy bodies (accumulated deposits of alpha-synuclein protein) inside the nuclei of neurons in areas of the brain that control particular aspects of memory and motor control. There is no cure or definitive treatment for Lewy body dementia. |
0 |
| Liberian Community |
YH-0300.4500 |
Individuals who are either citizens of Liberia or who identify themselves as part of the Liberian community. Liberia is a country in west Africa. The official language is English. |
0 |
| Liberian Restaurants |
PL-1800.0250-450 |
Eating establishments which offer the cuisine of Liberia which features specialties such as egusi (spinach stewed with chilies and the ground seeds of a West African melon); spiced palm-butter stew with chicken, beef or fish; ground nut stew made with peanuts; broccoli and potato leaf stew made with chilies and spices; cassava leaf stew; jollof (a West African pillau made with brown rice, chilies, herbs and stock served with a spicy peanut sauce and chicken); sauteed okra; and fried plantains. Most dishes are served with fufu (mashed fermented cassava root), small pieces of which can be rolled into a ball and used to pick up morsels from the stew. Beverages may include Ngok beer from central Africa. |
0 |
| Librarians |
YO-2000.4550 |
Individuals who assist people in finding information and using it effectively for personal and professional purposes. They work in a variety of settings including public libraries, schools, colleges and universities, museums, corporations, government agencies, law firms, nonprofit organizations and health care institutions. Tasks may include selecting, acquiring, cataloguing, classifying, circulating, and maintaining library materials; furnishing reference, bibliographical and readers' advisory services; developing or searching databases and information systems to catalogue and access information; helping patrons navigate the Internet to find relevant information; conducting in-depth, strategic research and synthesizing, analyzing, editing and filtering resulting information; coordinating programs such as storytelling for children and literacy skills and book talks for adults; conducting classes; publicizing services; writing grants; and overseeing other administrative matters. |
0 |
| Libraries |
TJ-4400 |
Facilities which house a collection of materials including books, manuscripts, journals, government documents and nonprint formats such as paintings, musical recordings, videotapes, films and data files on magnetic tape which are organized to provide physical, bibliographic and intellectual access to a targeted group of people and which generally make available staff to provide services and programs related to the information needs of the targeted group. |
0 |
| Library Assistant Volunteer Opportunities |
PX-2000.4500 |
Libraries that are actively seeking individuals with the requisite skills and experience who are willing to compile records, sort and shelve books, issue library cards, help patrons find the materials they need and provide other supportive assistance for library staff on a voluntary basis without remuneration. |
0 |
| Library Associations |
TN-4800 |
Organizations whose members are librarians who have affiliated for the purpose of advancing their profession, promoting mutual interests, participating in library seminars and conferences, networking with their peers, subscribing to journals and other publications, and taking advantage of other opportunities for continuing professional development. |
0 |
| Library Audiovisual Services |
TJ-4500.4500 |
Libraries or other organizations that maintain collections of nonprint literary and artistic materials (films and recordings and the equipment that is required for their enjoyment) which are made available to the community on a loan basis. Audiovisual resources include DVDs, audio books, music CDs and language instruction recordings as well as access to eBooks, eAudio and movie and television streaming services. |
0 |
| Library Services |
TJ-4500 |
Libraries and other facilities that offer a range of activities and services which are designed to meet the information and learning needs of patrons and to facilitate their enjoyment of library resources. Included are reference services, programs which introduce and encourage reading, services which enable people who cannot access the facility to utilize library resources and special collections which provide access to a broad spectrum of general and specialized book and nonbook material as well as reading material in alternative formats. |
0 |
| Library Support Personnel |
YO-2000.4600 |
Individuals who help librarians acquire, prepare, and organize material and assist users in finding information. They help readers use library catalogs, databases, and indexes to locate books and other materials; answer questions that require brief consultation of standard references; compile records; sort and shelve books; remove or repair damaged books; register patrons; and check materials in and out of the circulation process. In school settings, they may also encourage and teach students to use the library and media center. They also help teachers obtain instructional materials and they assist students with special assignments. Included are bookmobile drivers who take trucks stocked with books (bookmobiles) to designated sites on a regular schedule, frequently stopping at shopping centers, apartment complexes, schools and nursing facilities. Library support personnel who drive bookmobiles answer patrons' questions, receive and check out books, collect fines, maintain the book collection, shelve materials and occasionally operate audiovisual equipment to show slides or films. Bookmobiles also may be used to extend library service to patrons living in remote areas. |
0 |
| Librettists |
YO-0300.5200-350 |
Individuals who compose text for operas, musical plays or extended choral works fitting words to music composed by another. They may adapts text to accommodate the musical requirements of the composer or vocal musician. |
0 |
| Libyan Community |
YH-0300.4600 |
Individuals who are either citizens of Libya or who identify themselves as part of the Libyan community. Libya is a country in north Africa. The official language is Arabic. |
0 |
| Licensed Clinical Social Worker Referrals |
RR-8500.4500 |
Programs that link people who are in need of counseling with individuals who have the education and experience required for licensed clinical social workers, who have obtained their licenses and who are qualified in the desired area of specialization. |
0 |
| Licensed Professional Counselor Associations |
TN-5500.8500-450 |
Organizations whose members are licensed professional counselors who have affiliated for the purpose of promoting mutual interests, participating in mental health seminars and conferences, networking with their peers, subscribing to mental health journals and other publications, and taking advantage of other opportunities for continuing professional development. Many LPC associations set standards which relate to the qualifications and performance of members, may accept and investigate complaints from the public regarding the practices of members, may assist members who are having difficulty with their employers, may maintain referral services through which residents who require counseling are referred to members, and may act as advocates for the recipients of their services and for desired social change. |
0 |
| Licensed Professional Counselor Complaints |
DD-1500.7230-400 |
Programs that accept and, where possible, attempt to resolve complaints regarding the licensing, incompetence, negligence, violations of laws relating to the quality of service, excessive fees, unprofessional conduct or other inappropriate business practices of licensed professional counselors. |
0 |
| Licensed Professional Counselor Referrals |
RR-8500.4700 |
Programs that link people who are in need of counseling services with individuals who have the education and experience required for licensed professional counselors, who have obtained their licenses and who are qualified in the desired area of specialization. |
0 |
| Licensed Veterinarian Volunteer Opportunities |
PX-0500.9000-450 |
Organizations that are actively seeking individuals licensed by the state to practice veterinary medicine who are willing, on a voluntary basis without remuneration, to provide diagnostic, treatment and health care management services for animals who have illnesses, injuries or other medical problems. Veterinarians diagnose animal health problems; vaccinate against diseases such as distemper and rabies; medicate animals suffering from infections or illnesses; treat and dress wounds; set fractures; perform surgery; and advise owners about animal feeding, behavior and breeding. |
0 |
| Licensed Vocational Home Nursing |
LT-2800.3100-400 |
Programs whose home health care services are provided by individuals who have graduated from a school of vocational nursing and have passed the national board examination. |
0 |
| Licensed Vocational Nurses |
YO-3000.6000-400 |
Individuals, also known as licensed practical nurses (LPNs), who care for sick, injured and convalescent patients and individuals with disabilities under the direction of physicians and registered nurses. They provide basic bedside care taking vital signs such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse and respiration. They also prepare and give injections and enemas, monitor catheters, apply dressings, treat bedsores and give alcohol rubs and massages. LVNs monitor their patients and report adverse reactions to medications or treatments. They collect samples for testing, perform routine laboratory tests, feed patients and record food and fluid intake and output. To help keep patients comfortable, LVNs assist with bathing, dressing and personal hygiene. |
0 |
| Licensing/Certification Appeals Assistance |
FT-4850 |
Programs that provide information and guidance for individuals who need to file an appeal when their application for licensing or certification has been denied or who want to apply for reinstatement of licensure or certification that has been revoked. Included are programs that help people with appeals regarding professional licenses or certifications or licenses for other activities where licensure is required. |
0 |
| Licensing/Certification/Accreditation |
DF-4500 |
Programs that authorize the practice of a profession or the operation of a business or community facility after determining that established standards have been met. Activities usually include establishment of standards; review of applications; preparation and administration of examinations; issuance or denial of licenses, certificates or accreditation papers; enforcement of compliance with standards through inspection and monitoring; and revocation of licenses or disciplinary action in cases of noncompliance. |
3 |
| Lichtensteiner Community |
YH-1800.3570 |
Individuals who are either citizens of Lichtenstein, a small country in central Europe between Austria and Switzerland, or who identify themselves as part of the Lichtensteiner community. The official language is German. |
0 |
| Lieutenant Governor Offices |
TD-6600.8000-450 |
The office of individual who has been elected as the deputy to the governor of a state and who, in addition to special duties, acts in place of the governor upon the latter's death, resignation or disability. Lieutenant governors serve terms ranging from two to four years and are usually restricted to two terms in office. |
1 |
| Life Care Communities |
BH-8400.6000-450 |
Residential facilities, usually licensed by the state, which provide a place to live and lifelong health care including surgery, medication, physical therapy and round-the-clock care for people who can afford to pay a sizable entry fee (which may be as much as $200,000) and a monthly maintenance fee which covers rent, meals, housekeeping, linens, utilities and other basic services. Healthy residents maintain independent living in apartments, studios or cottages while residents whose health problems require constant medical care are guaranteed a bed in the community's long-term care nursing home. Monthly fees are generally regulated by the state and facilities are required to maintain an emergency fund to cover residents who find themselves unable to make the payments. |
0 |
| Life Care Planning |
FT-2700.4400 |
Programs that provide assistance for people with disabilities and their families who want to develop a comprehensive life plan which ensures a secure future for the person should the parents become incapacitated or die. Components of the plan may include goals for the individual with a disability; protection for the individual's spouse and/or dependent children; decisions regarding place of residence, health care, personal care, education and employment; identification of community resources to meet the individual's needs; provisions for financial security; appointment of an advocate or guardian to support the individual; and preparation of a Last Will and Testament, durable power of attorney, living trust, special needs trust or other legal mechanism for ensuring that the provisions of the life plan will be implemented as required. |
2 |
| Life Care Planning Issues |
YZ-4600 |
Programs that provide information and/or services that deal with the topic of life care planning. |
0 |
| Life Coaching |
PH-6200.4550 |
Programs that offer the services of a "life coach" who helps people articulate their dreams, clarify their mission in life, identify specific goals, develop concrete action plans, take advantage of feedback and support and move beyond barriers and self-sabotage. Life coaching differs from psychotherapy in that it is not designed to treat diagnosable mental disorders such as depression, anxiety or substance abuse, but rather draws on people's strengths and inner resources to create a life of fulfillment, accomplishment and balance. It is usually offered over the telephone with weekly appointments, but face-to-face, email and instant message sessions may also be available. |
0 |
| Life Insurance |
NS-4500 |
Public programs that issue policies in which the organization, in return for premium payments, agrees to pay a specified sum (the face value or material value of the policy) to the designated beneficiary upon the death of the person who is insured. |
0 |
| Life Lease Housing |
BH-7000.8100-280 |
A housing option that involves neither a rental nor a purchase but a hybrid arrangement under which residents pay for the right to occupy a unit, usually a townhouse or a suite, and access to all common areas and facilities. Residents own the leasehold interest in the unit, but not the unit itself. Life lease units are generally priced lower than comparable market rate housing options and owners pay a monthly fee to cover expenses such as maintenance and management. A life lease can be for the life of the tenant or for a specific term (e.g. 50 years), and some have no specified termination date. The majority of life lease communities are developed and owned by nonprofit organizations, charitable groups, service clubs or religious institutions. When a resident leaves or passes away, the lease can usually be sold to someone on the sponsor's waiting list or on the open market, or transferred back to the development's sponsoring organization. Some life lease agreements permit the interest to be passed to the resident's family through their will. Conditions of this right of transfer are determined by the organization that establishes the life lease project. Most sponsors, in consultation with the residents, restrict who can live in the building (e.g., a minimum age of 55) to ensure that the integrity of the community is maintained. Some properties, particularly those that target people with moderate and low incomes, have maximum income level limits and/or limits on total assets. |
0 |
| Life Preservers |
JR-8400.4500 |
Programs that pay for or provide life jackets, life belts or life rings which are designed to save a person from drowning by buoying up the body in the water. |
0 |
| Life Rafts |
JR-8400.4550 |
Programs that pay for or provide buoyant rafts which are usually made of wood or an inflatable material and are designed to be used by people who have been forced into the water, as from a sinking ship. |
0 |
| Life Sciences Associations |
TN-8100.4500 |
Organizations whose members are biologists, botanists, ecologists, marine biologists, zoologists or other life scientists who have affiliated for the purpose of promoting mutual interests and participating in professional seminars and conferences, networking with their peers, subscribing to journals and other publications in their field, and taking advantage of other opportunities for continuing professional development. |
0 |
| Life Sciences Clubs/Societies |
PS-8200.8100-450 |
Programs that provide organized opportunities for individuals to pursue their interest in the study of plants and animals, often through the medium of a club or society that is under the leadership of people who are knowledgeable in the subject. Activities may include lectures, slide shows and other presentations that deal with elements of biology, botany, zoology and other life sciences; opportunities for members to share and/or discuss their own work on issues in the subject area; excursions to discover and observe plants, birds, animals and marine life in their natural environment; and other activities that promote the study and appreciation of the life sciences among members. Included are Internet-based virtual clubs, WebRings devoted to the subject and clubs where members meet face-to-face. |
0 |
| Life Sciences Occupations |
YO-8000.4500 |
Individuals who conduct research that increases our basic knowledge of living organisms, including humans, and the practical application of biological and behavioral theories. |
0 |
| Life Skills Education |
PH-6200.4600 |
Programs that offer training which focuses on the knowledge and skills an individual may need to live independently or make a successful transition to independent living. Participants may include runaway youth who are living on their own, youth who because of age can no longer be maintained in foster care, new widows, victims of domestic abuse, people who have previously been homeless, and others who have lived in an environment in which decision making and responsibilities of daily living have been handled by another as well as people currently living independently who want to be more effective. Training may address job search and retention, money management, insurance, taxes, rental agreements, vehicle purchase, nutrition, home management, health care, legal emancipation for teens and other similar topics. |
9 |
| Lifeguard Services |
JR-1800.4500 |
Programs that provide trained personnel who oversee swimming activities at beaches and public pools and rescue swimmers who are in distress. |
1 |
| Lifeguard Training |
JR-8200.9500-450 |
Programs that provide instruction for individuals who want to develop the knowledge and skills that will enable them to respond effectively to aquatic emergencies. Training includes surveillance skills, rescue skills, first aid and CPR, and professional lifeguarding responsibilities such as appropriate interaction with the public and managing uncoopertive patrons. Most programs require that participants pass a 500 yard swim using crawl, side and back strokes; and demonstrate rescue skills. Certificates are provided to people who successfully complete the course. |
1 |
| Lifeguards/Rescue Workers |
YO-6500.4600 |
Individuals who monitor recreational areas such as pools, beaches or ski slopes and provide assistance and protection for visitors who get into trouble. They inspect recreational equipment such as rope tows, T-bars, J-bars and chair lifts for safety hazards and damage or wear; inspect recreational facilities for cleanliness; instruct participants in skiing, swimming or other recreational activities and provide safety precaution information; observe activities in assigned areas using binoculars in order to detect hazards, disturbances or safety infractions; participate in recreational demonstrations to entertain resort guests; patrol or monitor recreational areas such as trails, slopes and swimming areas on foot, in vehicles or from towers; rescue distressed persons using rescue techniques and equipment; and warn recreational participants of inclement weather, unsafe areas or illegal conduct. |
0 |
| Lifelike Robotic Pet Distribution Programs |
PH-1400.4450 |
Programs that provide robotic pets (usually cats and dogs) that look very much like the live animals for older adults and others who have a low level of contact and interaction with family, friends, neighbors, the broader community and other sources of social support and may be experiencing loneliness. Social isolation may be due to a number of factors including age, loss of a spouse, living alone, death of family members or friends, retirement, disabilities, poor health, transportation issues, place of residence, low self-esteem or poverty. |
0 |
| Lifelong Learning Programs |
HH-0500.1600-450 |
Community-based educational programs designed for adults who commute and take courses on a semester basis. Lifelong learning classes are sponsored by Institutes for Learning in Retirement (ILRs). Most ILRs are sponsored by a college or university and offer non-credit academic programs with no attached Continuing Education Credits. A lifelong learning program is structured like a typical college program with regular semesters and often homework. While some lifelong learning programs are restricted to seniors, others are open to adults of any age. |
0 |
| Lifestyle/Transition Related Support Groups |
PN-8100.4500 |
Mutual support groups whose members are people who have needs, issues and problems that relate to their lifestyle, career choice or their particular stage in life. The groups meet in-person, by telephone or via the Internet; and allow participants to share their experience, strengths and hopes to solve the problems they have in common and to address the quality of life issues that affect them all. |
4 |
| Light Bulbs |
BM-3000.4500 |
Programs that provide light bulbs for people who need them. |
0 |
| Light Signaler Alerts for Computers |
LH-0600.1600-400 |
Program that pay for or provide equipment that monitors computer sounds and alerts the computer user with light signals when a new e-mail message has arrived, a computer command has been completed or other similar activities. The equipment is useful for people who cannot hear computer sounds or are not directly in front of the computer screen. |
0 |
| Light Therapy |
RP-8000.4500 |
Programs that help individuals with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) deal with their depression by placing them in a light box where they are bathed in light from a full-spectrum light source. Also included are organizations that make light therapy equipment available to people who need it. |
0 |
| Light and Sound Presentations |
TA-1850.4500 |
Professional productions which utilize light effects (usually including computer-controlled laser beams) and high fidelity sound systems to put on shows to educate and/or entertain audiences. Presentations may include music or narration and may be offered in indoor or outdoor venues. |
0 |
| Lighthouses |
PL-7600.4600 |
Towers or other structures equipped with a powerful light, which are erected at the entrance of a port or at other points along the coast to serve as a guide to mariners at night. |
0 |
| Lighting Technicians |
YO-4950.4500 |
Individuals who work behind the scenes of different kinds of productions including motion picture and television productions, stage plays and concerts to create lighting and special lighting effects that enhance the visual impact of a show. They set up, focus and operate light fixtures, control boards and other equipment; choose and locate lighting fixtures after consulting with the director to figure out what effects are wanted; use equipment such as flags, nets, scrims and filters to control the lighting to the stage or production area; and keep the lighting fixtures and other equipment in safe working condition. Included are gaffers who are members of the lighting crew. |
0 |
| Lightning Rods |
JR-8400.4600 |
Programs that pay for or provide lightning rods which carry the electrical charge of lightning bolts safely to the ground in areas where violent thunderstorms are common. |
0 |
| Lily Societies |
PS-8200.3000-430 |
Programs that provide organized opportunities for individuals to pursue their interest in lilies, often through the medium of a club or a society that is under the leadership of people who are knowledgeable in the subject. Activities may include field trips which enable participants to view different types of lilies; slide shows or other presentations that provide information about the cultivation of lilies; and opportunities for members to share their own gardening experiences with lilies and/or participate in lily-related competitions. Included are Internet-based virtual clubs, WebRings devoted to the subject and clubs where members meet face-to-face. |
0 |
| Limb Assessment |
LF-4900.4550 |
Programs that conduct evaluations which assess upper and/or lower limb function when there appear to be impairments that are the result of a congenital anomaly, a neurological disorder or an accidental injury. |
0 |
| Limb Reimplantation |
LT-4350 |
Programs that specialize in the surgical procedures that allow for the reattachment to the body of hands, arms, legs, fingers, toes or portions of these limbs or digits that have been severed through accident or injury. |
0 |
| Limited English Proficiency |
YG-4500 |
Individuals whose first language is other than English and who may need to learn or perfect English language skills to successfully compete in the job market and participate fully in other aspects of community life. |
0 |
| Limited English Speaking Parents |
YG-4500.4500 |
Birth or adoptive mothers and fathers who have difficulty speaking English. |
0 |
| Limited Equity Housing Cooperatives |
BH-7000.8100-300 |
Apartment or condominium complexes or other housing facilities that are owned and administered collectively by the people who live there. A nonprofit corporation is set up to own and manage a building and the land on which it is located. Cooperative members do not own a particular part of the building and/or land, but own a share of stock in the project and the right to occupy a unit there. New residents are screened and selected by current residents and all pay equal shares of the cost of housing. Some housing cooperatives set aside a certain number of units for low-income people. Lower turnover rates, lower real estate tax assessments (in some local areas), controlled maintenance costs, and resident participation and control are some of the benefits of choosing cooperative homeownership. There are also personal income tax advantages. |
0 |
| Limited Liability Company Registration |
DF-4500.1000-400 |
Programs that make an official record of businesses that will operate as limited liability companies (LLCs), a business structure that has features in common with corporations and partnerships/sole proprietorships. Owners of LLCs report profits/losses on their personal income tax returns and are protected from personal liability for money owed by the business. |
0 |
| Limousine Services |
BT-4500.4500-450 |
Programs that offer transportation services in chauffeur-driven automobiles for those who can afford to pay the established fee. |
0 |
| Line Installers/Repairers |
YO-3400.4000 |
Individuals who install, maintain and repair the vast networks of wires and cables that provide customers with electrical power and communications services. Included are electrical power lines that deliver electricity from generating plants to customers and telephone and cable television lines that provide voice, video and other communications services. Line installers install new lines by constructing utility poles, towers and underground trenches to carry the wires and cables; and then string cable to create the network. They set up service for customers by stringing cable between the customers' premises and the lines running on poles or towers or in trenches; and installing network equipment. Workers on telephone and cable television lines install amplifiers and repeaters that maintain the strength of communications transmissions. Workers on electrical power lines install and replace transformers, circuit breakers, switches, fuses and other equipment to control and direct the electrical current. |
0 |
| Lineage Societies |
PS-8200.4500 |
Formal, organized groups of people who trace their ancestry from a common ancestor. Many of these societies have expanded the concept to encompass descent from a group of people, such as those aboard a particular ship, those who served in a particular war, or those engaged in any of a wide range of activities. The societies include individuals descended from the first settlers in a particular state or region, early founders of religious groups, veterans of wars and military campaigns, descendants of an ethnic group, descendants of a common progenitor and descendants from royalty or important historical figures. Examples of lineage societies include Daughters of the American Revolution, First Families of Virginia and Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War. |
0 |
| Liquid Nutrition Supplements |
BD-1800.8200-400 |
Programs that provide liquid nutrition supplements for older adults and/or people with disabilities who, for medical reasons, are unable to derive sufficient nutrients from a regular diet. Also included are programs that provide high calorie liquid supplements needed by cancer patients and others who have difficulty swallowing, digesting or keeping solid foods down. |
0 |
| Listeriosis |
YF-3000.3160-450 |
A serious infection that is caused by eating food such as uncooked meats and vegetables, soft cheeses, cold cuts, unpasturized milk or foods made from unpasturized milk which are contaminated with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Symptoms include fever, muscle aches and occasional nausea or diarrhea. If the infection spreads to the nervous system, symptoms such as headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance and convulsions may occur. The disease primarily affects pregnant women, newborns and adults with weakened immune systems. Babies can be born with Listeriosis if their mothers were contaminated during pregnancy. |
0 |
| Listing Services for Landlords/Property Managers |
BH-3900.4400 |
Programs that allow landlords and property managers who offer affordable market rate rents, to participate in affordable housing programs, and/or offer barrier-free housing to clients searching for affordable and/or barrier-free housing to list their vacancies at no cost or for a reduced fee. |
0 |
| Listservs |
TJ-1800.3300-450 |
Internet-based services which permit individuals to subscribe to collective electronic mailing lists in which individual pieces of e-mail posted to the listserv via a central e-mail address are automatically forwarded to the e-mail boxes of all subscribers. |
0 |
| Literacy Issues |
YZ-4650 |
Programs that provide information and/or services related to instruction in reading, writing and comprehension for individuals of all ages who are unable to read or write at a functional level. Some programs may include basic training in speaking, numeracy/mathematics and problem solving skills. |
0 |
| Literacy Programs |
HH-4500 |
Programs that provide instruction in reading, writing and comprehension for individuals of all ages who are unable to read or write at a functional level. Some programs may include basic training in speaking, numeracy/mathematics and problem solving skills, so that trainees can become self sufficient and function well in society. |
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