| Youth Development |
PS-9800 |
Programs that provide opportunities for children and youth to participate in a wide range of recreational, cultural, social and civic activities through membership in clubs, scout troops and other youth groups whose purpose is to help youngsters develop their potential and grow into healthy, educated, responsible and productive adults. |
12 |
| Youth Employment Programs |
ND-6500.9800 |
Programs that provide vocational assessment, job development, job training, job search, job placement, specialized job situations and/or other supportive services for unemployed and/or underemployed youth who need assistance preparing for, finding and retaining paid employment. Services may include summer jobs at community worksites; internships, job-shadowing and entrepreneurial projects; and work-readiness training that focuses on resume preparation, job application letters and questionnaires, interview techniques, appropriate dress and personal appearance, work ethic values and other "soft skills" that are required for job retention. Youth employment programs may be configured for at-risk youth, students, low-income youth and other special populations or may be broadly available to youth in general. |
4 |
| Youth Enrichment Programs |
PS-9800.9900 |
Programs that offer a wide variety of activities including arts and crafts, academic programs, sports, reading clubs, workshops and other recreational, leisure, cultural, social and civic activities for school-age children and youth in out-of-school hours. The objective of youth enrichment programs is to promote healthy social interaction and help participants maximize their social, emotional, physical and academic potential. |
14 |
| Youth Issues |
YZ-9800 |
Programs that provide information and/or services that deal with the topic of youth and their interests. |
0 |
| Youth Issues Information Services |
TJ-3200.9500 |
Programs that provide information about specific youth-related topics such as alcohol and drug abuse; child abuse; sexuality; sexually transmitted infections; HIV/AIDS; birth control, pregnancy and choices; sexual assault; weight management; relationships; dealing with feelings; family concerns; dealing with rules; and school, career and life choices. Information may be accessed on a website or in person, or by telephone, email, chat, text or other communication channel. Information may be in a self-serve, browsable format (for example a web resource directory or library of audio recordings) or provided by live agents with expertise in the needs and interests of youth. |
2 |
| Youth Job Development |
ND-3400.9500 |
Programs that seek out and create job opportunities for young people. |
0 |
| Youth Literacy Programs |
HH-4500.9500 |
Programs that provide instruction in reading, writing and comprehension for young people who are unable to read or write at a functional level. Some programs may also include basic training in speaking, numeracy/mathematics and problem solving skills, and target high needs groups such as youth who are at risk, street involved, homeless or incarcerated. Parents and other family members may be welcome to participate. |
3 |
| Youth Military Cadet Programs |
PS-9800.9950 |
A program sponsored by the U.S. armed forces in high schools throughout the country whose objective is to teach participants the value of citizenship, leadership, service to the community, personal responsibility and a sense of accomplishment, while promoting self-esteem, teamwork, self-discipline, physical fitness and the importance of graduation. While military cadet programs teach young people basic military skills and serve as an introduction to possible military careers, cadets are not in the military, have no military status when they leave the program, and have no obligation to the military. |
1 |
| Youth Outreach Programs |
PH-9600 |
Community-based programs staffed by outreach workers who support vulnerable and at-risk youth, build relationships with them, and provide them with information about and referrals to other forms of support and opportunities that can lead to positive social, educational, economic and health outcomes. Services offered may include assistance with the youth's immediate concerns or crisis, help navigate the system and access the services they need, support sessions for their families and caregivers, opportunities to connect with other youth and access peer support, and/or a safe space in a drop-in center. Youth outreach programs may implement various strategies to reach the youth population where they are, including social media outreach, partnerships with youth serving organizations, maintaining a presence at community events attended by youth, or through peer mentors or youth ambassadors. |
0 |
| Youth Shelter Residents |
YM-1500.9000 |
People who are currently staying in a temporary shelter for children and/or youth who have run away from or been pushed out of their homes or who are acting out and at risk for abuse pending return to their own families or a suitable alternative placement. |
0 |
| Youth Shelters |
BH-1800.1500-960 |
Programs that provide shelter and a safe place to sleep as well as access to food, medical care and other types of assistance for children and/or youth who have run away from or been pushed out of their homes, or who are acting out and at risk for abuse pending return to their own families or a suitable alternative placement. The most common causes for youth becoming homeless, in addition to being kicked out of their homes or running away, are being abandoned or neglected, experiencing financial hardship, aging out of foster care, conflicts related to their sexual orientation, having a substance use disorder or experiencing the death of a family member or guardian. Such facilities usually provide in-house individual, group and family counseling and the full range of other secondary services related to runaways and other homeless youth including referral to appropriate resources. Homeless youth are different than homeless adults because they often have not learned the essential life skills needed to live on their own such as how to drive or ride a bus, get a job or pay bills. Homeless youth are also more likely than other youth their age to experience mental illness, suffer poor health, drop out of school, and become involved with or victims of criminal activity, including being exploited, abused or even killed. |
10 |
| Youth Violence Prevention |
FN-1500.9700 |
Programs that attempt to reduce the incidence of violent acts committed by youth on the streets, in the schools or in other settings through a variety of educational interventions which may focus on children of various ages, parents, people who work with families, the schools, health care providers, law enforcement officials and/or the community at large. The program may provide information about model/promising prevention and intervention programs and crisis response strategies; descriptions of the risk factors associated with youth violence; research including statistics on violence committed by and against children and teens; outreach; and/or presentations that may be tailored for a variety of audiences. |
3 |
| Youth Work Permits |
ND-1600.9500-950 |
Programs that issue or assist individuals who are younger than age 18 to obtain documentation which certifies for employers that the youngsters are authorized to work. |
0 |
| Youth/Student Support Groups |
PN-8100.4500-950 |
Mutual support groups whose members are young people, including students, who want an opportunity to share their issues and concerns with other youth in a safe, supportive environment. Meeting formats may include in-person, telephone or Internet options. |
0 |
| Yucatan Style Mexican Restaurants |
PL-1800.5400-980 |
Eating establishments that offer the style of Mexican food that is served in the Yucatan peninsula. Specialties may include panuchos (puffy tortillas stuffed with seasoned black beans and served with pickled onions), sufridos (fried tortillas covered with black beans and sauce), codzitos (rolled tortillas fried crisp and served with tomato sauce), sopa de lima (chicken and lime soup), conchinita or pollo pibil (pork or chicken wrapped in banana leaves and served with red onions), poc chuc (chile-rubbed pork steak), chile rellanos made with beef, chicken mole, birra de chivo (goat stew), cerviche (raw seafood marinated in lime juice), shrimp with garlic and a wide variety of seafood dishes featuring lobster, crab, abalone, conch, oysters, red snapper and octopus. |
0 |
| Yule Events |
PH-2950.9500 |
Programs that sponsor social gatherings or other activities to celebrate Yule, a celebration of the winter solstice and the sun’s rebirth. This holiday, celebrated around December 21st, is the origin of customs such as burning a yule log and decoration and lighting of a tree, which were incorporated later into Christmas. Modern celebrations of this holiday may include traditional foods, exchanging gifts, building an altar or wreath, lighting a yule log or candles, decorating a tree, and other activities. |
0 |
| ZIP Code Information Services |
TJ-3200.9990 |
Programs, particularly online, that identify the correct ZIP code when community or street address information is supplied. |
0 |
| Zambian Community |
YH-0300.9850 |
Individuals who are either citizens of Zambia or who identify themselves as part of the Zambian community. Zambia is a country in southern Africa. The official language is English. |
0 |
| Zenker's Diverticulum |
YF-3000.9980 |
A condition in which there are pockets in the mucous membrane of the esophagus which may collect food and cause obstruction. |
0 |
| Zika Virus |
YF-3000.9988 |
A disease caused by the Zika virus that is transmitted primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, the species that also spreads dengue and yellow fever. The most common symptoms are fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis (red eyes). The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week. The virus can also be transmitted from a mother to her baby during pregnancy or around the time of birth. There have been reports of a serious birth defect of the brain called microcephaly (a condition in which a baby's head is smaller than expected when compared to babies of the same sex and age) and other poor pregnancy outcomes. Knowledge of the link between Zika and these outcomes is evolving. The virus can also be spread by sexual contact. |
0 |
| Zika Virus Control |
JP-1500.1700-980 |
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence and spread of the Zika virus which is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, primarily by promoting steps that people can take to avoid mosquito bites, e.g., wearing long sleeved clothing and long pants when walking outside in the morning and evening in places where mosquitoes are prevalent, and using EPA-registered insect repellents. Because the virus may also be spread by sexual contact, it is recommended that people who have contracted the virus use condoms or avoid having sex. It is not known how long the virus remains present in the semen of men who have had Zika. There is no vaccine to prevent Zika virus disease. Also included are programs that distribute registered insect repellents. |
0 |
| Zimbabwean Community |
YH-0300.9900 |
Individuals who are either citizens of Zimbabwe or who identify themselves as part of the Zimbabwean community. Zimbabwe is a country in southern Africa. The official language is English. |
0 |
| Zoning |
TE-4525.4600-980 |
Programs that establish and enforce zoning regulations which classify land within county, city or other municipal jurisdictions for specific agricultural, residential, commercial or industrial uses; and which evaluate, establish rulings upon and hear appeals regarding exceptions to zoning regulations. |
0 |
| Zoning Adjustment Boards |
TE-4520.9800 |
Local commissions staffed by a set number of residents appointed by the local legislative body (usually the city/town council or board of supervisors) to consider minor zoning adjustments such as conditional use permits and variances. They are generally empowered to conduct public hearings and to impose conditions of approval. Their decisions may be appealed to the local legislative body. |
0 |
| Zoning Appeals/Hearings |
TE-4525.4600-980.75 |
Programs that provide a mechanism through which people who are dissatisfied with a particular zoning decision can file for an appeal and obtain a hearing. Public hearings must also be held by the local planning commission or zoning appeals board and the local legislative body (usually the city/town council or board of supervisors) in conjunction with requests for conditional use permits or variances, or before property can be rezoned. The hearings must be advertised in advance and notice mailed directly to surrounding property owners. |
0 |
| Zoning Change Requests |
TE-4525.4600-980.80 |
Programs that review and rule on applications for conditional use permits, variances, zone changes, zone boundary adjustments and other exceptions to zoning regulations which alter permitted land use or permit departures from property development standards for a use that is otherwise permitted in a zoning district. Conditional use permits (CUPs), also known as "spot zoning", authorize uses not routinely allowed on a particular site, e.g., community facilities such as hospitals or schools, outdoor recreational facilities, self storage facilities or other land uses that would need special conditions to mitigate potential impacts on other properties. The local zoning ordinance specifies those uses for which a conditional use permit may be requested, which zones they may be requested in, and the public hearing procedure. CUPs do not constitute a zoning change. Variances are limited waivers from the property development standards of the zoning ordinance, e.g., setback requirements, but do not allow a change in land use. |
0 |
| Zoning Information |
TE-4525.4600-980.85 |
Programs that provide information about the zoning classification of specified parcels of land and describe the permitted uses of the property. Inquirers must provide a legal description of a property including the lot number, the block number or letter and the tract number or name. |
0 |
| Zoning Ordinance Development |
TE-4525.4600-980.90 |
Programs that are responsible for developing the zoning ordinance within a local jurisdiction that spells out the immediate, allowable uses for each piece of property within the community. A typical zoning ordinance describes 20 or more different zones which may be applied to land within the community. Each piece of property in the community is assigned a zone listing the kinds of uses that will be allowed on that land and setting standards such as acceptable densities, minimum lot size, maximum building height, and minimum front yard depth. The distribution of residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural and other zones is based on the pattern of land uses established in the community's general plan. Maps are used to keep track of the zoning for each piece of land. A zoning ordinance may also delegate specified decision-making roles to the municipality’s governing body, planning commission, zoning hearing board, zoning enforcement officer, and staff. |
0 |
| Zoning Violations Reporting |
TE-4525.4600-980.95 |
Programs that accept and investigate reports of instances in which land use is contrary to the provisions of the planning and zoning code for the area. Common zoning violations include illegal garage or living unit conversions, storage of inoperable vehicles on private property, storage of vehicles in front yards (unless in a driveway), storage of commercial vehicles in residential or agricultural zones, the presence of farm animals in residential zones, unlicensed garage sales, fences or walls that violate height requirements and illegal businesses in residential zones. Note that there is considerable variation in zoning laws from community to community. As a consequence, activities that are addressed by zoning laws in one community may be covered by public nuisance laws in another. |
0 |
| Zoologists/Wildlife Biologists |
YO-8000.4500-980 |
Individuals who study animals and wildlife, their origin, behavior, diseases and life processes. Some experiment with live animals in controlled or natural surroundings, while others dissect dead animals in order to study their structure. They also may collect and analyze biological data to determine the environmental effects of current and potential use of land and water areas. Zoologists usually are identified by the animal group studied and include ornithologists (birds), mammalogists (mammals), entomologists (insects), herpetologists (reptiles) and ichthyologists (fish). |
0 |
| Zoology/Wildlife Biology Research |
TR-1000.9800 |
Programs that conduct research which focuses on animals and wildlife, their origin, behavior, diseases and life processes. Zoology research is usually defined by the animal group studied. Specialties include ornithology (birds), mammalogy (mammals), entomology (insects), herpetology (reptiles) and ichthyology (fish). |
0 |
| Zoophilia |
YF-5000.5300-980 |
A disorder in which affected individuals fantasize or engage in sexual activity with animals as a repeatedly preferred or exclusive method of achieving sexual excitement. |
0 |
| Zoos/Wildlife Parks |
PL-6400.9600-980 |
Programs that house a collection of living animals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects and other wildlife, often in enclosures that replicate their natural habitats, for the purposes of conservation, research, education and public viewing. Zoos are dedicated to the protection of threatened and endangered species and the habitats in which they live, provide a safe environment for their reproduction and coordinate breeding and reintroduction programs to help ensure their continued survival in the wild. They also offer a wide variety of educational programs which help people of all ages develop an appreciation and concern for the world of nature. Also included are wildlife parks in which flocks and herds of animals roam on acres of enclosed land, and petting zoos which allow youngsters and adults to mingle with, handle and feed a variety of farm animals and gentle exotic animals. |
3 |
| Zorbing |
PL-7000.9900 |
Programs that provide opportunities for people to experience zorbing, a recreational activity in which people roll down a hill inside an inflatable, usually transparent, sphere made from PVC. Zorbing originated in New Zealand. |
0 |
| Zoroastrian Community |
YR-9900 |
Followers of the religion founded by the ancient Persian prophet Zarathushtra (also known as Zoroaster and Zarthosht) which is marked by belief in a single God (Ahura Mazda) and an opposing evil spirit (Angra Mainyu), a cosmic war between good and evil, and the eventual banishment of evil from earth when good triumphs over evil. The founding date of Zoroastrianism is in dispute but it is generally agreed to be not later than 600 BC. Today, the majority of practitioners live in Mumbai (Bombay), India. |
0 |
| Zoroastrian Fire Temples |
PV-6500.9800 |
Places where people who practice Zoroastrianism gather to attend religious services. A perpetually burning fire, the Adur Aduran (fire of fires), representing the Light of God, has a central place in the temple and is the focal point of worship services. |
0 |
| Zoroastrianism Study Groups |
PV-7000.6500-980 |
Programs that provide an opportunity for participants to study and discuss the doctrines and practices of Zoroastrianism, the religion founded by the ancient Persian prophet Zarathushtra (also known as Zoroaster and Zarthosht) which is marked by belief in a single God (Ahura Mazda) and an opposing evil spirit (Angra Mainyu), a cosmic war between good and evil, and the eventual banishment of evil from earth when good triumphs over evil. The founding date of Zoroastrianism is in dispute but it is generally agreed to be not later than 600 BC. Today, the majority of practitioners live in Mumbai (Bombay), India. |
0 |